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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE Romanesque and Gothic

is said that Gothic art is the development of Romanesque art, but look different and even conflicting attitudes. If the Romanesque is recollection, darkness, sound, in the Gothic is light, color and elevation to the divine. This change in attitude is the fundamental key to distinguish the two periods.

1 .- In both the Romanesque and in the gothic, religion is the source of inspiration for art. The monastery, the highest expression of Romanesque architecture and the cathedral, a symbol of Gothic architecture reflect the religious character of both periods and therefore the Christian faith in the medieval period. 2 .-
The Romanesque art is a predominantly rural, is developed in a society composed of warriors, peasants and monks, a tripartite partnership in remembrance of the religious trinity. The Gothic is mainly in cities and is marked by the birth of a new social class, the bourgeoisie.
3 .- The Romanesque architecture is developed through the work of the monasteries, thus emphasizing its religious character, being civilian buildings of little interest. During the Gothic period, in addition to the church, also listed as clients of the noble art works and the new bourgeois class that was an important civil architecture such as palaces, cities and markets or commercial buildings.
Viollet Le Duc said Gothic art "... it was an art essentially episcopal and municipal opposing it and the Romanesque art, which was primarily monastic ..." (History of Art. Edt . Lafer , Volume 2, p. . 190).
Although built some splendid Romanesque cathedrals and equally to build monasteries became rich with churches and cloisters in the new Gothic style, this phrase contains a great truth: the rural character and monastic Romanesque and Gothic urban character. 4 .-
During the Roman philosophical knowledge, techniques, architecture, painting, sculpture, etc. were of the exclusivity of the monasteries during the Gothic all the arts were no longer monopolized by the monastic workshops for universities and lay professionals organized in lodges or guilds. 5 .-
During the Romanesque sculpture and monumental painting had eminently, ie they were subordinate to the architecture, the Gothic style softens this dependency to get rid of architectural framework. 6 .-
Conception timeless Gothic work.
The Romanesque buildings of smaller size and therefore less costly, could in most cases built in a reasonable period of years, respecting the initial project. In contrast, in the Gothic buildings are planned much more daring and expensive requiring much time to completion, sometimes several generations. The initial projects of the Gothic cathedrals were often modified during their execution, combining different styles.

"... Without doubt the main element of continuity is the timeless design of the work: in most styles of buildings one another and merge to the rhythm of the ages, knowing what makes a work contemporary they will not see it finished, or perhaps their children or grandchildren. Many of them even put in value the audacity to begin technical and economic challenges (sometimes by political rivalry) that when you start not planned how to end, as is the case on the cathedrals of Siena and Florence .. " ( http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G% C3% B3tico )

7. - Light is one of the most characteristic features of the new Gothic style in contrast to the Romanesque. In the first, the light is developed as a natural part of the building, in Romanesque however, dominates the dark by the shortage of openings or windows.

"... If the Romanesque is recollection, dark mass dominance of openings, the Gothic implies the opposite, light, color, elevation, expressiveness and naturalism. Abbot Suger , promoting the construction of Saint Denis , collects his thoughts on these ideas that perfectly reflect the substantial change that brings the art style, a change that also occurs in society and the economy .. "
( http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es/historia/contextos/1360.htm )

Basilica Interior St . Denis

8 .- The Gothic in correspondence with the philosophical and religious trends (recovery of Aristotle's philosophy through Averroism and humanism of St. Francis of Assisi) represent religious figures in a more human level, allowing them to show emotions such as pleasure, pain , tenderness, anger, breaking the hieratic and Romanesque formalism.