Dress Shirts Untucked

FUNERAL GOTHIC STYLES

" Gothic opens a new chapter in art history: the transition from the Middle Ages and early Renaissance painting profane. While the ideology of medieval man focused on the afterlife, the Gothic artist inspired by life itself and finds a new truth. The discovery the new world of the senses leads to a conception of reality more pleasant and markedly affective ... " (" Gothic " Robert Suckale and others EDT Taschen , page . 6).

In contrast to the Byzantine and Romanesque, the most striking feature of Gothic painting is an increase of naturalism. This quality that comes in the work of Italian artists of the late XIII , spreads across Europe. The figures are away from the rigid and schematic of previous styles, to reach out to a naturalism which will increase along its evolution.

So the figures are humanized and express emotions; appears timidly painted landscape and graceful and delicate details such as flowers and birds in an effort to capture the beauties of nature . The figures are placed within a real environment, either within a landscape or within an architectural framework

The new style is also characterized by capturing the delicate detail, the animated path of the line, the brightness of color and technical finesse.
"... Anyways you want to make a nice art, idealized, to attract the viewer with the beauty of the design and softness of color, in close parallel with the thought of this phase of the Gothic culture ... " (" History of Art ". Edt . ANAYA , page . 212).

The mural or fresh .- note that during the Gothic period is suppressed almost completely the fresco under the new architectural forms that sacrifice the walls for large windows, making it almost impossible to develop this technique. But in Italy, true to form churches basilica of important frescoes were possible, the greatest of these painters muralists was Giotto .

Giotto Chapel .- Scrovegni , Padua . Italian Gothic-style . The chapel was commissioned by Enrico Scrovegni to redeem the sins of his father, a rich usurer whom Dante in his Divine Comedy places him in the hell. It was painted by Giotto between 1303 to 1305, contains scenes on the life of Mary and Jesus. It plays "The killing of the innocent." Many children slaughtered by order of King Herod lay on the ground. Women screaming, crying and trying desperately to protect their children, while men on the left looks away embarrassed .

Painting on wood .- was imposed across Europe and from century XV became in pictorial form predominant . It differs between the altar and the tables of devotion, the former are tables that are placed on altars and walls of the side chapels, could be leaflets, brochures or polyptychs depending on the number of pieces, the tables were smaller devotion and used to promote prayer and to decorate private homes.
was tempera painting technique that involves dissolving the color pigments ground water and tune them or thickened with egg, they could use the tail bones of animals or other substances such as glue, tempera paints are thick, opaque and dull but keep the color unchanged for long. In northern Europe, did the oil painting, in which oil was used as a binder, giving a brilliantly colorful and exquisite painting.

Jan Van Eyck .- Polyptych of Ghent. Oil on wood. Gothic-style flamenco. . Considered the seminal work of Dutch painting. The top board is chaired by the central figure of Christ in Majesty, between the Virgin and San Juan Bautista, advocates of humanity. Continue on both sides of the angels singers and the nude figures of Adam and Eva . The table below shows the adoration of the lamb by inhabitants of the celestial city ç

Features of Gothic painting.
As regards Gothic painting, we must note that it is more difficult to establish the general characteristics thereof, it regards la obra arquitectónica, donde los arcos apuntados, las bóvedas nervadas y las columnas múltiples señalan más claramente el nuevo estilo. En la pintura, las tendencias o estilos góticos difieren entre sí, no obstante trataremos de señalar algunas de sus principales características:

1.- Naturalismo.- La característica más evidente de la pintura gótica es su naturalismo. Tal como sucedió con la escultura, la pintura gótica tiende al realismo y al gusto por la naturaleza. Las figuras se humanizan y expresan sentimientos, stop being hieratic poses to adopt more normal and routine. Easily guessed bodies beneath the clothes.
also note that the figures begin to be placed in a real decorated either in a timid landscape or an architectural framework connected to this painting.
The Italian school, of which more later, was a pioneer in enhancing the naturalism or imitation of nature, a trend that will culminate in the Renaissance. Therefore it places Christ, Mary and the saints in a more human level, showing emotions and feelings. "... The artist is inspired by gothic life. There is much sentiment in Gothic works ... " ( Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia). Example of the above: Giotto , who began a new era in the history of painting, gave his work an extraordinary realism dignifying his characters with a humanity unknown until then.
This growing naturally respond to the philosophical ideas about God and nature of San Francisco de Assisi, for whom every being or object was important because of the divine creation.

Deposición de Cristo. Giotto ( 1266- 1337) 230 x 200 cm. Estilo Gótico Italiano. Pintura mural en la Capilla de los Scrovegni in Padua . With different gestures of compassion and pain the characters come to Christ. The central point is the embrace of Mary to her dead son underlined by the pathetic expression of pain in one of the angels .

2 .- Start painting the portrait emerging secular and .- Although the source of inspiration for Gothic art continued to be the religion, the artists in this time become interested in issues profane.
Indeed, during the early Gothic produced mainly religious works, which served a didactic purpose to transmit the teachings of the Bible to the illiterate or encourage contemplation and prayer, with the latter purpose were made icons of devotion boards , small wooden retablos errands to prepare for rich people, but as the art evolved and grew the bourgeois class, the topic is going to be increasingly secular.
The appearance of the figure of the client who commissioned or sponsored the creation of a work, will produce an interaction between religiosity and daily life, bringing with them not only daily details but the emergence of a new genre painting: the portrait.
Thus, in religious paintings usually represent the donor or client, in his desire to want preserved for posterity in an attitude of worship before God, the Virgin or the saints. Thus the picture begins to develop in a slow way to individualism. But not until the Century XIV when it is found the figure as a personal portrait, as the table of John, the better.

Anonymous . "John the Good" . Gothic-French school. (1360 approx.) 59X 37 cm. Louvre Museum.

The Flemish painting everyday topics, typical of the bourgeois class. The rich bourgeoisie demands a new elegance in art, so there is more narrative detail, more freshness and there is also more color and luminosity, achieved thanks to the invention of oil painting.

Jan Van Eyck .- The Marriage of Arnolfini . 1434. (82 x 60 cm) oil on oak. National Gallery. London. This amazing double portrait witness the marriage of a wealthy Italian merchant established in Bruges. The paint is loaded with symbolism. By the time the work was painted, the presence was not required a priest at the ceremony, the presence of enough witnesses, which are reflected in the mirror, possibly the painter is one of the figures reflected, the only candle in the candlestick represents the eye of God who sanctifies the union. The crystal rosary was a typical engagement gift for the groom gave his bride, the glass was symbol of the purity of the bride. Green represents fertility, although the bride was pregnant, he draws on pregnant to refer to future pregnancies. Santa Margarita, patroness of childbirth, is engraved on the bed, is distinguished by its attribute the dragon. The brush adjacent points Santa Marta, the patroness of housewives. The dog, in addition to freshness to the work, represents fidelity. The work is signed in Gothic calligraphy reads " Jan Van Eyck was here in 1934." Unfortunately the marriage did not end happily, the bride Giovanna Cenami had no children and Arnolfini was sued by a lover in search of compensation.

3 .- Drawing the line .- Gothic line is wavy, like an arabesque, playfully swinging and broken.
This feature is highlighted especially in the edges of the garments, both in paintings and in sculptures. During the early Gothic drapery folds predominantly long and narrow, but by 1400, the folds of the fall like waterfalls rolling framing the central figure. Like the clothes, the hair stand out as evenly wavy curls

Master of the Virgin of Klodzko. Technical mixed media on wood. (186 x 95 cm.). This painter worked in Prague the mid XIV. Has a strong influence of Italian art Trecento. This table is a masterpiece of painting bohemian. The framework of the throne is treated as if it were an architecture real. Great detail which contains many religious symbols. Lions placed at the top remind the throne of Solomon, the black wall below the "closed garden", ie the virginal purity, the star above the honorary title of Our Lady, Star of the Sea, guide humanity. The child carries a scroll as the Byzantine tradition, the Virgin's dark skin reminds the bride of the Song of Songs was black skin. At the bottom appears giving the archbishop of Prague .

This accentuation of the line requires a stylized Gothic body symbolic and ultimately immaterial. The figures, both in painting and sculpture are tall and thin and in this sense, toward the century XIV are markedly undulated, "S" A clear example is the Virgin of the Annunciation Simone Martini.

Simone Martini , The Annunciation 1333. (265 x 305). Gallery of Uffizi, Florence. Italian Gothic style, School Sienese. The figures are stylized and wavy lines, especially the Virgin in the form of S. Mary retires frightened by the angel, she is dressed in blue, representing the sky. The white lily symbolizes the purity of the Virgin.

real Ornamentation .- 4 .- Although gold is still used to frame the background to the figures, we note that the Gothic painters pleased to take details of the nature to embellish their works, so we have tentatively listed the landscape and breed flowers, birds, trees, etc ... And in those paintings in which the characters appear located indoor architectural environments are drawn, all for the purpose of giving more realism to the compositions.

The Virgin in the Garden of the Master of Frankfurt closed. 1410. Mixed media on wood. 26 x 33 cm. The detailed representation of the grass, flowers, the tree of knowledge, which appears twisted trunk and birds decorate this moment of bliss. The garden enclosed by the wall symbolizes the immaculate conception of Mary and also indicates interest in nature .

Ambrogio Lorenzetti Allegory .- good governance. Fresco. Siena City Council .- school Gothic Artist Siena Italian. Possibly formed in Duccio's workshop, however beat the teacher to introduce greater naturalism and the use of linear perspective. He worked on the frescoes in the Palazzo Pubblico, or town hall of Siena in a civic-political issue. The work was clearly referring propangandísticos for the purpose of governments. The painter was a true teacher to incorporate action in a believable scenario, real. Highlight the rural and urban landscapes in all his works. In the play we see how the characters are located in an urban environment, which is distinguished architectural forms of the city of Siena. The painter and his brother, also a painter, died during the great black plague.