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INTRODUCTION .-

"... In the arts, the most favored by the Greeks was the sculpture and a logical reason. They built monuments to honor their gods, to celebrate victories, to register religious rites - but it was always represented a man ... " (Classical Greece. CM Borra. Time-Life International, p. 28).
Indeed, the human body is the object of Greek sculpture. "... The main theme of Greek sculpture is the depiction of the human body, in which the artists capture his conception of ideal physical beauty. The body is conceived as a whole in its parts keep certain proportions and its members have a fair measures ... "
( http://html.rincondelvago.com/escultura-griega_2 .)

Greeks distinguished themselves not only in sculpture free or round bust, but also in townhouse or relief sculpture . The first is one in which carved or sculptured figure can be admired from any angle, most of the statues that we know are free from copies of Roman Christianity survived and vandalism, the second type is when the size is adhered a wall or flat surface.

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Among the sculptures in the protruded type chryselephantine, which was you Terms given an image of worship built on a wooden frame covered with ivory carved blocks to give the illusion of skin and gold leaf to represent the clothing, armor, hair, etc. Equally precious stones were used for the ornamentation of the eyes and other details. Chryselephantine statues were usually large and placed inside the temples. All these statues were destroyed by the arrival of Christianity, the value of the materials used and the perishable nature of wood. However, the two sculptures of this type better known through various sources and testimonies were made by Phidias, the statue of Athena Parthenos and Olympian Zeus, the latter considered as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world , which is known only through various testimonies.

Athena Parthenos. Roman copy of a statue of Phidias (438 BC) 1.05 meters. Marble. National Museum of Athens. The work of Phidias adorned the Acropolis that was 12 meters high statue was a type chryselephantine, whose wooden frame was covered with sheets of gold and stones precious that made the dress. The face and arms were made of ivory. The goddess, as described by Pausanias, had a blanket around his neck with the head of the Gorgon, the helmet was adorned with winged horses and other mythological beings. In his right hand resting on a column led to Nike, the goddess of victory made from solid gold. In the other arm which carried the emblem of a snake out where he was engraved with the image of Pericles, which is why it is presumed that the author was tried for heresy. The base was decorated with reliefs of mythological motifs. It is believed that the original statue was taken to Constantinople where it was burned in a fire.

The main characteristics of Greek sculpture are:

1. Greek sculpture made use of marble and bronze, despite the great prolixity of work, many have been lost and known only by reference and testimonies of the Roman era or reproductions.
2. is important to note that the object of Greek sculpture was the man, which is represented in an ideal manner, is what is called idealized reality. In this sense, only the carved figures of men and women in the prime physics, with perfect bodies. Later in the Hellenistic period the human figure and appear more realistic figures of old and children with physical defects.
3. topics were discussed and mythological figures of warriors and athletes, only from the Hellenistic period extends the repertoire and there is the portrait and genre sculpture was familiar topics.
   
   GEOMETRIC PERIOD .-
   primitive sculpture focuses on small sculptures in schematic form, called xoanon made of wood, which could be covered with layers of ivory metal, the body of the figure for simplicity take the cylindrical shape of the timber. Magical powers were attributed. They have not come down to us none of these primitive fetishes.